Windows are essential architectural elements in buildings, creating shaded spaces for natural light, sunlight, ventilation, and views. By opening and closing them, they also help block noise, control heat and cold, and shield from rain and wind. The word "window" (mado) is said to originate from "mado" meaning "space door" or "gap place."
In Japan, traditional square lattice windows (renji-mado) and wooden shutters (shitomi-do) have existed for centuries. However, after the Kamakura period, Zen Buddhism influenced temple architecture with the introduction of katomado (arched windows) from the mainland. In teahouses and sukiya-style buildings, various creative window designs emerged, showcasing a wide range of styles.
